If you’re a nurse practitioner (NP), physician assistant (PA), or entrepreneur opening a weight loss clinic, telehealth practice, or medspa, one of the most urgent compliance questions you’ll face is this:
“Do I need a collaborative physician?”
The answer is almost always yes.
In Florida, NPs cannot prescribe weight loss medications without physician collaboration.
In Texas, prescriptive delegation agreements are mandatory.
In California, Corporate Practice of Medicine (CPOM) laws make physician involvement unavoidable.
Even in “independent practice” states like New Mexico or Washington, insurers and pharmacies often demand physician collaboration before honoring GLP-1 prescriptions.
How much does it cost?
At Medical Director Co., collaborative physician placement starts at $799/month, with:
- No placement fees
- No MSO premiums
- Complimentary agreements
- Month-to-month flexibility
- 24-hour nationwide placement
This guide gives you the full picture.
- Why collaborative physicians are required
- What the real costs are in 2025
- How rules differ in Florida, Texas, California, Ohio, Indiana, New Mexico, Washington, and Alabama
- Real-world case studies
- How to avoid paying inflated fees
Why Collaborative Physicians Are Required
A collaborative physician provides the legal bridge between mid-level providers (NPs, PAs) and the state prescribing authority.
Nurse Practitioners (NPs)
- According to the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 26 states and territories still require physician collaboration or supervision for prescriptive authority.
- Even in full-practice states, pharmacies may request MD signatures for GLP-1 weight loss meds, testosterone, or compounded HRT.
Physician Assistants (PAs)
- According to the American Academy of Physician Associates, nearly all states require MD collaboration or supervision.
- Ratios often limit how many PAs a physician can supervise.
Medspas
- Offering Botox®, fillers, or IV drips? State boards classify these as medical procedures.
- That means an MD must provide standing orders and sign off on protocols.
Without a collaborative physician, you can’t prescribe, delegate treatments, and operate legally.
The Real Cost of a Collaborative Physician in 2025
Here are the benchmarks you should expect.
- Weight Loss Only (GLP-1 programs): $799–$1,200/month per provider
- Medspas (Botox®, fillers, weight loss): $1,200–$2,000/month
- Telehealth Clinics (Multistate): $2,500–$5,000/month+
- HRT/Controlled Substances Oversight: $2,000–$4,000/month.
Why Competitor Costs Are Higher
- Placement Fees: $3,000–$7,000 just to “match” you with a doctor
- Agreement Drafting Fees: $2,500–$5,000 for collaborative contracts
- MSO Premiums: $200–$500 monthly on top of the physician fee
- Switching Fees: $1,000–$2,000 if you change MDs
With Medical Director Co., none of these apply.
Case Example 1: NP Weight Loss Startup in Ohio
A nurse practitioner in Columbus planned a GLP-1 program. A competitor quoted:
- $3,000 placement fee
- $2,500 collaborative agreement
- $1,500/month
First month: $7,000 upfront + $1,500 monthly.
Medical Director Co. placed her with an MD in 24 hours for:
- $0 upfront
- $799/month
Savings in month 1: $6,200
Case Example 2: Multistate Telehealth Group
A telehealth group with five NPs across California, Florida, and Texas was quoted:
- $12,000 upfront in fees
- $8,000/month
With Medical Director Co.:
- $0 upfront
- $3,500/month
Annual savings: $108,000.
State-by-State Breakdown
Florida
- Florida law requires plastic surgeons or dermatologists to oversee medspas.
- For weight loss, licensed MDs must supervise NP prescribing.
- Competitors often inflate fees due to limited physician supply.
With us: Board-certified Florida MDs, starting at $799/month, placed within 24 hours.
Texas
- NPs must file Prescriptive Delegation Agreements.
- CPOM requires nonphysicians to use MSOs.
- Weight loss and medspa services always require an MD collaboration.
With us: Texas MDs starting at $799/month, free MSO prep included.
California
- Strict CPOM
- Only MDs/DOs can own or direct the clinical side.
- NPs cannot independently prescribe GLP-1s or hormones.
With us: California-licensed MDs, free MSO, 24-hour placement.
Ohio
- NPs must have a Standard Care Arrangement filed with the Ohio Board of Nursing.
- Must detail scope, prescribing, and oversight.
Our Ohio MDs deliver compliant agreements in 24 hours
Indiana
- NPs require written collaboration to prescribe controlled meds.
- PAs must have MD supervision agreements.
We place Indiana MDs starting at $799/month.
New Mexico
- NP independent practice is allowed, but insurers still demand MD collaboration for GLP-1/HRT.
- Many weight loss startups still require MD signatures.
We place collaborative MDs in Albuquerque, Santa Fe, and statewide.
Washington
- Washington allows full NP practice, but many telehealth insurers still require MD collaboration.
- Oversight is scrutinized for GLP-1s and HRT.
Our Washington MDs provide coverage from $799/month.
Alabama
- Among the strictest states
- Every NP must have a collaborative physician.
- Strict MD:NP ratio (1:4).
We place Alabama MDs within 24 hours, with no placement fees.
Cost Comparisons
Startup NP Clinic
- Competitor: $7,000 upfront + $1,500/month
- Medical Director Co.: $799/month, no fees
Established Medspa (3 Providers)
- Competitor: $15,000 upfront + $4,500/month
- Medical Director Co.: $2,400/month, no fees
Telehealth Company (10 Providers, 5 States)
- Competitor: $30,000 upfront + $12,000/month
- Medical Director Co.: $7,500/month, no fees
Why Clinics Choose Medical Director Co.
✅ Starts at $799/month
✅ No placement or matching fees
✅ Free collaborative agreements/MSOs
✅ True month-to-month
✅ 24-hour placement
✅ Nationwide coverage
✅ Physicians experienced in GLP-1s, HRT, IVs, aesthetics
FAQs
Do all NPs need a collaborative physician?
No, some states (e.g., Colorado, Arizona) grant full practice authority. But in most, collaboration is required for weight loss, telehealth, and aesthetics.
Do PAs always need one?
In nearly all states, yes.
What’s the average monthly cost?
$1,000–$2,500/month per provider is typical. With us, it starts at $799/month.
What does the physician actually do?
- Reviews and signs collaborative agreements
- Approves standing orders
- Provides prescribing oversight
- Ensures compliance with state law
Can a collaborative physician take equity?
No. Under MSO structures, ownership stays with you.
Do collaborative physicians sign off on standing orders?
Yes, for injectables, IVs, and telehealth meds.
Can one physician cover multiple NPs?
Depends on the state—for example, Alabama caps at 4:1; Ohio allows more flexibility.
Do collaborative agreements expire?
They must be renewed (often annually) per state rules.
What about prescribing across state lines?
Telehealth physicians must be licensed in the state where the patient is located.
Can I switch physicians if needed?
Yes. With us, there’s no penalty or rematching fee.
Takeaway
So, how much does a collaborative physician cost in 2025?
- Average: $1,000–$2,500/month per provider.
- Competitors’ true cost: $5000–$10,000 upfront + inflated monthly fees
- Medical Director Co.: Starts at $799/month, no placement fees, no MSO premiums, free agreements, and 24-hour placement.
If you’re opening a weight loss clinic, telehealth platform, or medspa in Florida, Texas, California, Ohio, Indiana, New Mexico, Washington, or Alabama, we make compliance affordable and fast.
Contact us and hire your collaborative physician today.

Bolton M. Harris, J.D., is a seasoned attorney with a formidable background in criminal law and a focus on healthcare law and compliance. As the in-house legal counsel at Medical Director Co., Harris brings a unique blend of prosecutorial experience and regulatory expertise to support healthcare professionals across Texas. Her career spans roles as a prosecutor in multiple counties and now as a trusted advisor on the legal intricacies of medical practice operations.
Education & Early Career
Bolton Harris completed her undergraduate studies at Southern Methodist University (SMU) in 2013. During her time at SMU, she was not only a dedicated student but also a competitive athlete on the university’s women’s swimming team. She went on to earn her Juris Doctor from Texas A&M University School of Law in 2016 and became a member of the Texas Bar that same year. Armed with a strong academic foundation and discipline honed as a student-athlete, Harris embarked on a career in criminal law immediately after law school.
Prosecutorial Experience in Texas
Bolton Harris began her legal career in public service as a criminal prosecutor. She served as an Assistant District Attorney in multiple jurisdictions, where she quickly rose through the ranks and handled a broad spectrum of cases. Some highlights of her prosecutorial career include:
- Assistant District Attorney, Dallas County, Texas: Prosecuted a high volume of criminal cases in one of the state’s busiest DA offices, gaining extensive trial experience in both misdemeanor and felony courts.
- Assistant District Attorney, Ellis County, Texas: Continued to hone her courtroom advocacy skills, known for meticulous case preparation and a tenacious pursuit of justice on behalf of the community.
- Assistant District Attorney, Navarro County, Texas: Broadened her legal expertise by handling diverse criminal matters in a smaller county, working closely with law enforcement and community leaders to uphold the law.
Through these roles, Harris built a reputation for being a tough but fair advocate. She brought numerous cases to trial and developed an in-depth understanding of the criminal justice system. This distinguished prosecutorial background laid a strong foundation for the next phase of her career in the private sector.
Healthcare Law & Compliance at Medical Director Co.
After her tenure as a prosecutor, Harris shifted her focus to healthcare law, applying her legal acumen to the medical field. She recognized that the same attention to detail and tenacity that served her in criminal law could benefit healthcare providers navigating complex regulations. Embracing this new direction, Harris became well-versed in the intricate laws governing medical practices – from licensing requirements to patient safety and privacy standards – and is passionate about helping practitioners stay compliant.
In her current role as the in-house attorney for Medical Director Co., Bolton Harris oversees all legal and compliance matters for the organization and its clients. Medical Director Co. is a nurse-owned firm that connects nurse practitioners (NPs), physician assistants (PAs), and registered nurses with qualified medical directors and collaborating physicians, offering fast placements and comprehensive compliance support for healthcare practices. Harris ensures that each of these partnerships and clinical ventures adheres to all applicable state and federal laws. She is responsible for drafting and reviewing collaborative practice agreements, advising on regulatory requirements, and providing ongoing legal counsel as clients establish and grow their clinics. Drawing on her prosecutorial eye for risk management, Harris proactively identifies potential legal issues and addresses them before they escalate, giving healthcare professionals peace of mind.
Bolton M. Harris’s multifaceted expertise – spanning high-stakes courtroom litigation to detailed healthcare compliance – makes her a formidable legal ally. Whether advocating in front of a jury or guiding a medical practice through regulatory hurdles, she remains committed to the highest standards of the legal profession. Her blend of courtroom-tested skill and healthcare law knowledge ensures that clients of Medical Director Co. receive elite-level counsel and steadfast protection in an ever-evolving legal landscape.